Absence seizures, often referred to by the outdated term “petit mal,” are a type of generalized seizure characterized by brief periods of impaired consciousness. These episodes typically last from a few seconds to 30 seconds and are marked by a sudden cessation of activity and staring spells. Subtle symptoms, such as rapid blinking or lip smacking, might accompany these episodes. Absence seizures primarily affect children and adolescents, often diagnosed between the ages of 4 and 14. They are a form of epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
Effective management of absence epilepsy significantly improves quality of life for individuals experiencing these seizures. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment can often lead to complete seizure control, allowing individuals to fully participate in education, work, and social activities. Early diagnosis is crucial to prevent potential developmental and cognitive impacts. The historical understanding of this condition has evolved significantly, moving from rudimentary observation to detailed electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis, enabling precise diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies.